Channel oven



Dec, 30, 1924 H. KOPPERS CHANNEL OVEN Filed July 7, 1921 N g 111K Patented Dec. 30, 1924.

UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE. l

HEINRICH KOPPERS, OF ESSEN-RUHR, GERMANY. ASSIGNOR TO THE KO'PPERS IDE- VELOPMENT CORPORATION, OF PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA, A. CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CHANN EL OVEN.

Application filed my 7, 1921. Serial No. 483,050.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH Korrnns assignor to The Koppers Development.

orporation, a corporation of -Pennsyland useful Improvement in Channel Ovens (for which I have made application for patent in Germany on or about September 3, 1919), of which the following is a specification. Y

for burningtceramic goods, and has'for a principal objectan improved arrangement and connection of the chambers forming the preheating, burning and cooling zones, whereby the desired flow ofthe preheating and burning gases and of the cooling air is caused or facilitated, with suitable independence of the cooling zone, and less interruption in the travel of the cars.

In the channel'or tunnel ovens for burning ceramic goods, silica, magnesite, dolomite, and the like, requirments ofa purely heating character and of'an operating nature are op osed to each other. The requirement 0 as perfect a heating method as possible is best met by. a complete separation-of the preheating, burning and cooling chambers and zones, while, on the other hand, by as unobstructed a as possible of the cars carrying t e material to be burnt, through the directly adjoining, individual zones of such a heating, burning and cooling chamber the simplest operation is effected.

By the invention both of these-require ments (as to temperatures and movement)- are reconciled with eachvother by means of a minimum number of necessary locks and their arrangement at the properzplaoe. .On

' the one hand the heating requirements are satisfied in apractical manner and, on the other hand, the smooth operation is permittedor interfered with as little as possible.. This is accomplished by effecting .(on

the basis of the ovenso fully embodyingthe heating requirements according German application K. 66532 V/80) only to my one separation between the said three zones, that is between the burning and the cooling chambers. The restriction to this one separation, and that one at exactly the place assage prementioned, is based on the realization that an exchange of the air passin throu h the vcooling chambers with g g the burning gases entails undesirable interference, while a sidered a continuation or antechamber of the burning chamber. -To this must be added that, at any rate in connection with the burnin of highly fire roof stones s e- The invention relates to channel ovens D p p cial importance must be attached to the careful carrying out of the cooling, because the highly heated'stones are exceptionally susceptible to local undercooling.

This separation of the cooling chamber results in the additional possibility of improving-the operating conditions for this enters the oven, but rather a series of whirlpool formations which afiect the desired cooling or preheating, especially in the way of retarding" the same. By downwardly inclining a cooling chamber thus separated,

towards the inlet place of the cold air, an

unequivocal current towards the hot end is obtained by virtue of the buoyancy of the cooling air through the hot stones as it absorbs heat. liirlpool formations are thereby entirely avoided, so that in this direction also the cooling process is controlled in an increased measure.

Such channel ovens themselves have some-.

times been given a "drop towards the outlet end in order to facilitate moving the cars,

carrying the material to be burnt, through the oven. This drop is in itself, however, in-

sufficient to effect such a single direction current as 15 'eflected 1n the present case.

If however, as may not be necessary but at least seems suitable or advisable, the pre-,

heating chamberproper has a gradient towards the cold entrance end, whatis gained 7 by the aforesaid drop, in the oven chamber, for facilitating the working of the transporting device for the cars, is eliminated by such reverse inclination of the preheating chamber.

In order to make the invention more clearly understood there is shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical efiect, the invention not to be limited to the particular embodiment which is herein used for illustration and explanation. In said drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a channel oven embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a substantially horizontal section of the same on line 11-11 of Fig. .1.

The burning chambers 21, 21, built alongside of each other in accordance with my said German application, and communicating with each other through openings in the central partition, are provided on both sides with the air regenerators 23, 23 and the gas regenerators 24, 24, by means of which van entirely independent and accurately adjustable heating of the burning chamber proper can be brought about. Directly .adjoining the burning chamber are the preheating chambers 10, 10",-to which the cars 30 loaded with the green material to be burnt are fed by means of pressure devices 46 after opening the doors 47, 47. The air gas mixture used for preheating the green material is sucked oil through the channels 48 into the chimney 4:9.

In the axes of the burning chambers 21 but otherwise separated therefrom, the cooling chambers 11', l1 are provided, which are separated from the burning chambers by doors 34, 34. For moving these heavy doors a kind of elevated traveling platform 50 is provided which first moves the doors towards each other and then draws them aside to expose the passage openings for the cars. The chambers 11, 11 are strongly burnt material,' cooling it thereby,

inclined towards the exit end and closed by slides 51," 51, and the air supplied here through a conduit 52, flows over the freshly but be coming heated in turn. Due to the buoyance thus created the cooling air becoming warm- .er flows in a uniform current towards the higher end of the ovens ll, 11 to'be conducted here, through the bridging conduits 45 and the channels 45, to the beginning or starting point of the preheating zone 10,'

10', proper. Here the highly heated air is supplied above the cars to be drawn off through the openings 48 at the height of the car surfaces, as illustrated. The uniform distribution hereby brought about over the material to be burnt can be still further strengthened by placing this preheating part of the oven also at a slant towards the cold end as shown.

What is claimed is I 1; A channel oven for burning ceramic articles and the like, consisting of a continu ous chamber providing preheating and burning chambers; a cooling chamber spaced apart from said continuous chamber, means for closing and opening the contiguous ends of-said continuous'and cooling chambers; means for delivering the heated air from the cooling chamber to the preheating chamber; and means for conveying articles through said three chambers. l

2. A channel oven for burning ceramic articles and the like, consisting of an upwardly inclined preheating chamber; a burning chamber continuous therewith; a cooling chamberspaced apart from said burnin chamber and inclined downwardly from said burning chamber towards the exit end of he cooling chamber; means for opening a (1 closing the doors of the-contiguous ends of the cooling and burning chambers; means for conveying articles through said three chambers; means for supplying cooling air to the ,exit end of the cooling chamber; means for conducting said cooling air from the entrance end of the cooling chamber into the higher end of the preheating chamber; end of the preheating chamber for drawing oil the air from the burning and preheating chambers. Y

3. A channel oven for burning ceramic articles and the like, consisting of a continuous preheating chamber and burning chamber, a cooling chamber spaced apart from said burning chamber, means for closing and opening the contiguousends of said burning and cooling chambers, and means for conveying articles through said three chambers.

4. A channel oven for burning ceramic articles and the'like, consisting of an upwardly inclined preheating chamber in which the heating air flows downward counter to the advance of said-articles, and a burning chamber continuous-with said preheating chamber, a separate cooling chamber, means for closing and opening the contiguous endsof said burning and cooling chambers, and means for conveying articles through said three chambers.

articles and the like, consisting of a continuous preheating chamber and burning chamber, a separate cooling chamber declining downward toward its exit, means for closing and opening the contiguous ends of said burning and cooling'chambers, and means for conveying articles through saidthree chambers.

6. A channel oven for burning ceramic articles and the like, consisting of an upwardly inclined preheating chamber, a burning chamber continuous therewith, a separate cooling chamber declining towards its exit, means for closing and opening the contiguous; ends of said burning and cooling chambers, means for heating the burning chamber, means for conveying articles through said three chambers, means for supplying cooling air-to the lower end of the cooling chamber, means for conducting said articles and the like, consistin of a preheatair from the upper end of the cooling chaming chamber, a burning cham r, a coolin berand along the burning chamber and into chamber, said cooling chamber being spaced the higher end of the preheating chamber, apart from said burning chamber and means and a chimney connection leading from the for conveying articles through said cham lower end of the preheating chamber. bersf 7. A channel oven for burning ceramic HEINRICH KOPPERS. 

